Raise boring machine

Types of raise boring machines

A raise boring machine is a piece of heavy machinery used in mining and civil engineering projects to bore a circular hole between two levels of ore or rock. The hole is called a "raise." Raise boring machines are used to excavate vertical or near-vertical raises, winzes, shafts, and ventilation shafts. The two most common types of raise boring machines are conventional raise boring machines and reverse circulation raise boring machines.

• Conventional raise boring machines

Conventional raise boring machines are the most common type of raise boring machines. They have been used in the industry for many years and have relatively mature technology. In addition to being used in mining and civil engineering, they are also used in other fields. The basic design of a conventional raise boring machine is that it is a platform that is fixed to the lower side of the raise. The platform houses the drill unit, which includes the drill string, drill bit, and other drilling tools. The platform is connected to a rotating head, which is used to apply torque and rotation to the drill string. The drill string is then connected to the upper drill unit, which is fixed to the upper side of the raise. The upper drill unit is responsible for pulling the drill string downward while the lower drill unit pushes the drill string upward. The rotation of the drill bit and the application of push and pull forces cause the drilling process to be completed.

• Reverse circulation raise boring machines

Reverse circulation raise boring machines are also known as boxhole machines. They are a newer type of raise boring machine and are more efficient than conventional raise boring machines. They are typically used in hard rock, metal, and coal mines. The design of a reverse circulation raise boring machine is more complicated than that of a conventional raise boring machine. The basic structure of the reverse circulation raise boring machine includes a drill string, a drill bit, a reamer, and a drill rig. The drill rig is used to control and operate the machine. It can be fixed on the top of the raise or on the ground near the raise. The drill string is connected to the drill rig and extends downward into the raise. The drill string is used to transfer power and torque to the drill bit and reamer.

Specification and maintenance of raise boring machines

Specification

• Diameter range: The diameter range of the raise boring machine refers to the minimum and maximum borehole diameters it can drill. This determines the size and scale of the raise bore it can create.
• Drilling depth: The drilling depth refers to the maximum depth that the raise boring machine can drill vertically. It determines the length of the raise bore shaft that the machine can excavate.
• Drilling angle: The drilling angle indicates the range of verticality that the raise boring machine can maintain while drilling. This is important for creating precisely aligned shafts and tunnels.
• Power: The power of the raise boring machine is usually measured in kilowatts (kW) or horsepower (HP). It determines the machine's drilling capacity, speed, and ability to handle different types of rock and strata.

Maintenance

The regular maintenance of the raise boring machine is essential for ensuring its performance, prolonging its service life, and ensuring the safety of the drilling operation.

Here are some key aspects of the maintenance of the raise boring machine:

• Cleaning: Regularly clean the surface of the raise boring machine, remove debris and dust on the machine, and ensure the smooth operation of the machine. Pay special attention to cleaning the cooling system and air filters to prevent overheating and engine damage.
• Lubrication: Ensure the lubrication of moving parts, bearings, and joints of the raise boring machine. Regularly check and add lubricating oil to reduce friction and wear and tear, thereby ensuring smooth operation and improving the service life.
• Inspection: Regularly inspect the raise boring machine. Check the wear of drilling tools, cutters, and drilling rods, and replace them in time if they are worn out. Inspect the electrical system and hydraulic system, repair or replace any damaged components to avoid failures and malfunctions during drilling operations.
• Equipment storage: If the raise boring machine is not used for a long time, it is necessary to carry out proper storage. Choose a well-ventilated and dry place to store it, and cover it with a dust cover. Regularly start the machine for maintenance to prevent damage caused by long-term storage.

Scenarios

These machines are used in various industries that require vertical drilling or demolition. Here are some common usage scenarios of the raise boring machine:

• Construction and Infrastructure

Raise boring machines are widely used in the construction industry to drill shafts for subways, high-rise buildings, underground parking lots, and other projects. By using raise boring machines, builders can quickly and accurately create vertical shafts and cavities, which helps to facilitate the construction and provide space for urban development.

• Mining and Quarrying

A raise boring machine is also a common device in the mining and quarrying industries. It is mainly used for drilling vertical shafts for ore extraction, ventilation, and personnel transportation. Raise boring machines can efficiently and safely excavate deep vertical shafts in mines and quarries, providing important channels and infrastructure for mining operations.

• Energy and Resources

Raise boring machines play a significant role in the energy and resources sectors. They are often used to drill vertical shafts for oil, gas, and geothermal exploration and mining. Raise boring machines can quickly, precisely, and safely drill vertical shafts in deep underground environments, enabling efficient exploration and extraction of energy and mineral resources.

• Scientific Research and Geotechnical Exploration

Raise boring machines are also widely used in scientific research, geotechnical exploration, and other fields. Scientists and geologists use raise boring machines to drill vertical boreholes for geological surveys, groundwater exploration, and research on the earth's interior structure. Raise boring machines provide valuable deep drilling technology and methods for scientific research and geotechnical exploration.

How to choose raise boring machines

The following tips will help buyers pick the right raise boring machines for their needs:

• Understand specific project requirements

It is important to have a clear understanding of the project's needs before choosing a raise boring machine. Consider important project details such as the type of rock or soil to be excavated, the tunnel size requirements, the depth of the bore, and the diameter of the tunnel. By evaluating the specifics of the project, buyers can determine the specifications and capabilities required of the raise boring machine.

• Consider the types of raise boring machines

As discussed above, there are different types of raise boring machines. Consider the models and choose the one that is compatible with the project requirements. If the project involves bigger shafts and deeper holes, it may be necessary to choose a raise boring machine with a larger diameter. If the project requires high precision and efficiency, a robotic raise boring machine may be preferred.

• Check the performance of the machine

Buyers should consider the performance features of the raise boring machine. These include torque, speed, drilling capacity, motor power, etc. High torque helps the machine to drill through hard rocks and maintain drilling stability. Also, a higher drilling speed can improve work efficiency. Choose a machine with suitable performance parameters based on the project requirements.

• Evaluate the quality of the machine

Buyers should only purchase raise boring machines from reputable brands and suppliers. Reputable brands often provide well-designed, high-quality raise boring machines that meet industry standards. Buyers should carefully inspect the machine's materials and construction to ensure that it is durable and reliable.

• Consider the safety and environmental features

Safety and environmental protection features are important for the operation of raise boring machines. Buyers should choose machines that come with safety features such as emergency stop buttons, overload protection, and safety shields. Additionally, machines that have dust control systems and low emissions can help to reduce the impact on the environment.

• Check the after-sales support

When purchasing a raise boring machine, buyers should consider the supplier's after-sales service and technical support. They should choose suppliers who offer technical support, maintenance services, and spare parts availability. A reliable after-sales service will ensure the smooth operation and maintenance of the machine in the long term.

raise boring machine FAQ

Q1: What are the benefits of raise boring machines for the mining industry?

A1: Raise boring machines have many advantages in the mining industry. For example, they can be used to excavate deep shafts with high accuracy and efficiency, improve safety and ventilation in the mine, and reduce downtime and operating costs.

Q2: What is the difference between a raise boring machine and a tunnel boring machine?

A2: The main difference is the drilling direction. A raise boring machine drills from the bottom up, while a tunnel boring machine drills from the top down. In addition, the application scenarios of the two machines are different. Raise boring machines are usually used to excavate vertical shafts or ore passes, while tunnel boring machines are used to excavate horizontal tunnels.

Q3: Can raise boring machines be customized for specific projects?

A3: Some raise boring machine manufacturers provide customization services to meet specific project requirements. For example, custom drill bits can be designed for different rock formations, and the machine's control system can be tailored to specific project parameters.