Outside stairs

Types of outside stairs

Outside stairs, also known as outdoor staircases, are sets of stairs used in outdoor spaces. They enable movement between different levels in outdoor environments. Here are some common types of outside stairs:

• Spiral Stairs

  Spiral outside stairs have a circular motion around a central pole. The steps curve in a spiral shape, which saves space. These stairs are popular where limited floor space is available, like fire escape stairs. They are also used as decorative features. Spiral stairs are made of different materials, like metal, wood, or a mix of both. Metal spiral stairs are usually made of steel, while wooden ones are made of different wood types.

• Spiral Stairs

  Curved outside stairs have steps arranged in a gentle arc. They look elegant and are commonly used in homes, public buildings, and places where style is essential. These stairs need more space than straight or spiral stairs. They are more complex to build because the handrail and stairs are not straight.

• Floating Stairs

  Floating outside stairs create the illusion that the steps are unsupported. The open risers and minimalistic design make the stairs look like they are floating. They are trendy in modern homes and buildings because they give a contemporary look and feel.

• Metal Stairs

  Metal outside stairs are constructed using metal materials like aluminum, steel, or wrought iron. They are sturdy, need little maintenance, and are popular for outdoor decks, patios, and spaces with high-traffic usage. Metal stairs can be straight, spiral, or curved.

• Wooden Stairs

  Wooden outside stairs are built using different types of wood, like treated pine, cedar, redwood, or composite materials. They provide a warm, natural feel and are frequently used for decks, porches, and entrance ways. Regular maintenance is required to keep them in good condition.

• Straight Stairs

  Straight outside stairs are straightforward. They move straight up without any turns or bends. They are the simplest type of stairs and are commonly used in places like buildings, homes, and parks. They are easy to construct and maintain and need less space than other types of stairs.

Function and feature of outside stairs

Function of outside stairs:

• Access: The main purpose of any kind of outside stair is to provide access from one level to another. This is crucial for multi-story buildings, raised porches or decks, and sloped landscapes.
• Evacuation: Outside emergency stairs are vital for quick evacuation during emergencies like fires or earthquakes. They are designed for high-traffic, rapid descent.
• Utility: In addition to providing access, outdoor stairs can connect different areas of a property, like gardens, parking areas, and different building levels.

Features of outside stairs:

• Material: Exterior stairs are made of materials that withstand weathering, such as treated wood, composite materials, concrete, stone, steel, aluminum, and galvanized steel. For a more decorative look, some are made of wrought iron or brass.
• Tread and riser: The tread is the horizontal part where one steps, while the riser is the vertical part between each tread. On outside steps, the treads are often wider than the risers are high to ensure safety and comfort when climbing.
• Width and slope: Outside steps are usually 36 inches wide. For every 12 inches of horizontal distance, a rise of 1 inch is permitted. This slope is called a ratio of 12:1, and it is similar in all public places.
• Handrails and lighting: For safety, public outside stairs have handrails on both sides. These are at least 34 inches high and are easy to grip. Well-lit outdoor steps are safer and more secure. Lighting is vital in high-traffic areas and places with adverse weather conditions.
• Durability and maintenance: Outside stairs are built to last, using materials that can handle the weather and heavy foot traffic. They do require some maintenance; for example, wooden steps may need to be sealed or painted regularly. Concrete steps may need to be power washed and resealed.

Scenarios of outside stairs

Outside stairs are versatile structures that can be used in a variety of settings. Here are some common scenarios where outside stairs are applicable:

• Connecting Different Levels

  Outside stairs are mainly used to connect different levels or elevations, such as in hilly or terraced areas. For example, exterior spiral stairs can be a great solution in hilly terrains, as they take up less space than other types of stairs. These stairs enable people to move from one level to another easily, whether in residential, commercial, or public spaces.

• Accessing Entrances

  Outside stairs provide access to main entrances, especially in multi-story buildings. They are commonly used in urban environments, where buildings are close together and space is limited. For instance, outside metal stairs are not only functional but can also add to the aesthetic appeal of a building. Moreover, outside stairs can help access emergency exits in high-rise buildings.

• Landscaping Features

  As a part of a landscaping design, outside stairs are used to navigate natural features like gardens, ponds, or rockeries. They are usually made of wood or stone to blend in with the surrounding environment. For example, outside wooden stairs can complement a garden setting and enhance the overall appearance of the landscape.

• Balconies and Patios

  Outside stairs are used to connect patios or decks to the ground floor. They provide access to outdoor spaces for people to enjoy. Additionally, these stairs are applicable in public spaces, such as auditoriums or stadiums, allowing people to access elevated seating areas.

• Emergency Evacuations

  Outside stairs are essential for emergency evacuations in case of fires or power outages. They are designed to be sturdy and reliable, ensuring people can escape safely during emergencies. Typically, these stairs are located at the building's exterior, allowing quick access to the ground floor in emergencies.

• Utility Access

  Outside stairs provide access to utility areas, such as rooftops or basement entrances. Service personnel can use these stairs to access different building sections without going through the main entrance. Additionally, outside stairs are sometimes used to access public transportation, such as subway stations or elevated train platforms.

How to choose outside stairs

Choosing the right kind of outside staircases for any space involves considering several factors to ensure safety, functionality, durability, and aesthetic appeal. Here are some crucial factors to consider:

• Material

  Outside stairs are available in different materials, such as wood, concrete, metal, and composite. Each material has its advantages and disadvantages. For instance, wood is warm and inviting but requires regular maintenance. Metal, like aluminum or steel, is modern and sleek but can be hot in the summer and cold in the winter. Consider the climate and choose a material that can withstand the local weather conditions.

• Design and Style

  The design and style of the outside staircase should complement the architecture of the house. Consider the color, texture, and overall aesthetic appeal. For example, a grand, curved staircase might be more suitable for a classical home, while a sleek, straight staircase could be better for a modern home.

• Space and Size

  Evaluate the available space and determine the most suitable design for that space. Consider the width and depth of the stairs to ensure they are comfortable and safe. Also, consider the size of the staircase; for smaller areas, opt for space-saving designs like spiral or floating stairs.

• Safety Features

  Safety should be the number one priority when choosing an outside staircase. Look for features like slip-resistant treads, sturdy handrails, and adequate lighting. Ensure the risers and treads are of uniform height and depth to prevent tripping. Consider installing anti-slip strips on the treads for added safety.

• Budget

  Before making any decisions, it's essential to set a budget to avoid overspending. Remember that the initial cost is not the only expense to consider; also, factor in long-term maintenance costs. Some materials may have a higher upfront cost but require less maintenance over time.

• Building Codes and Regulations

  It's crucial to familiarize oneself with local building codes and regulations regarding outside staircases. These codes are in place to ensure safety and may dictate specific requirements for dimensions, materials, and construction methods. Consult with professionals to ensure compliance.

outside stairs Q & A

Q1: Are outside stairs durable?

A1: Yes, if constructed with quality materials, durable outside stairs can last for decades. Durable stairs require low maintenance and are resistant to rot, insects, weather elements, and rust.

Q2: What are the common materials for outside stairs?

A2: The most popular materials for outside stairs are treated wood, composite, aluminum, and galvanized steel. These materials are known for their durability and sturdiness.

Q3: Does siding need to be removed for outside stairs installation?

A3: Sometimes, depending on the type of siding and the professional's preference. Some opt to cut the siding to fit securely around the stairs, while others detach the siding to provide a solid connection and prevent gaps.

Q4: What does it cost to build outside stairs?

A4: The cost varies depending on the materials used and the design. For accurate pricing, it is advisable to consult a professional.

Q5: What is the lifespan of outside stairs?

A5: This also depends on the material. Wooden outside stairs can last 10 to 15 years, while those made of aluminum, composite, or galvanized steel can last 25 to 40 years.