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Frequency changers can change an ideal frequency to another, so they are also known as frequency converters. Most of them serve AC power, while some serve DC power. They are widely used in industries where there is a need to match electrical equipment to the local power grid. There are many common types of frequency converters and cheap frequency converters for the market, and some characteristics are worth knowing about.
Static frequency converters are widely used in DC applications, especially in electroplating. They convert the AC current in the line to DC current and change the frequency to suit the DC current required by the customer electroplating equipment.
In static frequency converters, electronic circuit components like thyristors, diodes, and rectifiers are fitted and packaged together as solid-state devices. An electronic cooling space is required to dissipate heat generated by these solid-state devices to ensure the system works optimally. Static frequency converters have no moving parts; hence, they require less maintenance than other types of frequency changers.
Kinetic energy frequency converters work by utilizing the kinetic energy of a motor in converting frequencies. The motor runs at a frequency that will energize the output frequency desired. While this type has a lot of parts, it can also handle many loads and has a higher output power.
Moreover, kinetic frequency converters can run continuously and are the preferred option with high demands. Note that these converters are not common in local shops, but special requests can be made and shipped accordingly.
A static frequency converter is used to convert the output frequency of an AC power line to another AC power line frequency. The converter typically has two AC power line terminals. The first power line terminal is the input AC frequency, while the second terminal is the output frequency.
This device belongs to the computerized frequency converter group. It is a compact solid-state device designed for low-power applications. Note that this, like the static frequency converter, is only meant to be used with products that are not affected by voltage variations.
The hybrid frequency converter is a medium-frequency converter that combines the features of static and kinetic frequency converters. The hybrid converter has a rectifier and inverter connected to the DC bus, just like the static frequency converter.
The DC bus can potentially do a lot of things, like employ energy storage such as batteries or supercapacts. A hybrid frequency converter is largely deployed in renewable energy systems using solar or wind energy.
Airline companies that offer electrical power to grounded Embraer aircraft serve them with a frequency converter. An embraer plane is delivered with an electromechanical drive system that drives the unit at 50 Hz.
There is also a 60 Hz power drive used in North America and parts of South America, which means these electric power sources cannot be delivered directly to the aircraft. The aircraft will sustain damage if these power sources are plugged into the aircraft power system.
That is why electrical power sources are equipped with a frequency converter that converts the 60 Hz frequency to 50 Hz, making it safe to plug into the aircraft power system.
Ground and facility management also uses frequency converters for similar reasons. Ground vehicles like the Hi-lift and Tug-Masters towed aircraft, and these vehicles need an electronic power drive system to work with the aircraft power system. These vehicles are equipped with a frequency converter to prevent damage to the aircraft power system.
Frequency converters are also applied in space, especially in satellites and space stations. For satellites in space, they use kinetic frequency converters. High-frequency electromagnetic radiation from the sun can affect satellites in space if they are not protected.
The battery system on the satellites is used to power the system when the satellite is at the earth's shadow position. When the satellite is positioned toward the sun, the electromagnetic radiation will hit the satellite, and the satellite will be at the danger position.
In this situation, the frequency converter will convert the solar electromagnetic frequency to DC current to power the satellite and prevent the satellite from powering off.
The military ground support equipment has electric power systems that drive the electromechanical system with 50 Hz frequency. Military aircraft, vehicles, and ships are designed with these electromechanical systems, which need an electronic power drive system to work perfectly.
The military vehicles, ships, and aircraft system has a solid-state frequency converter that converts 60 Hz frequency to 50 Hz. It makes the electromechanical systems work without damaging the aircraft, ship, or military power system.
Input and output power
Most frequency converters have single and three-phase input power. The output power ranges from 6 to 3000 Hz, while the output voltage is 1 to 690 V.
Efficiency and working conditions
The average efficiency of frequency converters ranges from 95 to 98. The temperature range within which these devices work effectively is 20 to 60 degree Celsius.
Protection features
Frequency converters are designed with some level of protection. They are shockproof and moisture-proof, and they will work perfectly when exposed to harsh weather conditions.
Communication, display, and control
Most frequency converters are designed with serial communication. They also have displays with control and monitoring options that allow users to control the device easily.
The application of frequency converters varies depending on the type and model used and the customer's request. So, follow the manual and instructions that come with the device on how to use it properly for the best results.
Before installing the frequency converter, read the manual, and make sure the device is free from any moisture, dust, or shock. For mobile frequency changers, check the working conditions and the places you want to work with the device. Ensure the device is placed on a stable platform where it cannot tip over or slide away, and all the cables are secured properly.
The fans in the device need a free space to draw air; hence, don't block any vents. While connecting the electrical cables, ensure that the cable insulation is intact while the cables are rough.
Maintenance and repair largely depend on the type and model of the frequency converter used. Kinetic frequency changers have more parts, so they need more maintenance to keep them operational. Static and hybrid frequency changers need less maintenance compared to kinetic changers, but they should be checked regularly to ensure they are working optimally.
Also, users should not attempt to repair the device unless they are certain they have the right spare parts. The maintenance and repair of a frequency converter should be done by a professional for the best results.
When purchasing a frequency changer, ensure to buy from a reputable place. Only buy a frequency converter that meets the manufacturer's recommended frequency requirements for the device.
Understand the frequency converter capacity and make sure it meets the demand. It should be durable and made of sturdy material, and the manufacturer should provide an adequate warranty for the product.
Electrical safety
Check that all the wires and terminals are properly secured to prevent electrical accidents.
Moisture and dust
Frequency converters are likely to be exposed to moisture and dust. Ensure the device is dry and clean before plugging it in to avoid electrical shock and short circuit.
Load capacity
Do not overload the frequency converter. Ensure the device connected to the converter has lower load capacity to prevent overworking the device and electrical accidents.
Vibration and heat
Some frequency converters produce vibrations and high heat. Ensure the device is placed where it will not affect people working around it.
Use protective gears
While operating frequency converters, wear gloves, safety glasses, and shoes to protect electric shock, high voltage, and mechanical accidents.
A1.Yes, it can, but certain parameters like voltage and frequency should be in harmony with each other for the equipment to work well.
A2.Overloading the inverter is the primary cause of its overheating. Dust accumulation can also contribute to its overheating.
A3.A good quality inverter can last between 10 to 15 years.
A4.An inverter converts DC current to AC current, while a frequency converter converts power line AC frequency to another AC frequency.
