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Ready to ShipSM490 steel is categorized under structural steels and is favored for its strength and versatility in various engineering and construction applications. Its designation according to the Japanese industrial standard (JIS) system is as follows:
SM490A
SM490A is a general structural steel with moderate strength and excellent weldability, which makes it suitable for diverse construction applications. The steel's yield strength typically ranges from 315 to 490 megapascals (MPa), providing a well-balanced attribute for bearing moderate loads while maintaining a lightweight structure.
SM490B
This is another variety within the SM490 series. It comes with slightly higher carbon content than SM490A, which translates to improved tensile strength. Also, the steel grade is accompanied by superior toughness and can be utilized in structural applications in varying climates.
SM490C
Usually referred to as low-temperature structural steel, this type has the same strength as the other compositions but with very high resistance to brittle fracture at lower temperatures. It is intended primarily for use in cold-weather environments, where toughness becomes critical.
SM490Y
It can be classified as a high-strength steel variant. This steel grade is distinguished by its enhanced yield strength and swelling resistance, thus making it appropriate for the heavily loaded constructions. Besides, the expiration date of this steel is longer than other grades due to its composition.
SM490W
This grade comes with additional alloying elements, such as nickel and copper, to improve corrosion resistance. Usually, SM490W is appropriate for structures that are exposed to harsh weather elements, thereby extending their functional lifespan.
SM490 steel has quite a number of features. These features render it suitable for use in construction, shipbuilding, and heavy machinery, among its numerous uses. Some of the features include:
Yield Strength and Tensile Strength
SM490 steel has a characteristic blend of yield strength and tensile strength that allows it to withstand heavy loads without warping. The yield strength typically lies at about 325 to 490 megapascals (MPa), depending on the specific grade. At the same time, the tensile strength spans from 490 to 610 MP. This makes it aggregate capable of enduring stress and strain in structural applications.
Weldability and Formability
Content-wise, this steel features a very low carbon concentration and comes with a high amount of silicon. This makes it highly weldable as well as formable. Specifically, the steel does not develop heat during welding, which minimizes the chances of warping or fissuring. Therefore, it is quite easy to mold into complex shapes that are required by construction projects.
Adequate Toughness
There is no question about the fact that the toughness of this steel makes it suitable for executing constructional undertakings in diverse temperatures. Its toughness allows it to resist cracks and failures under extreme conditions. This is of great benefit when dealing with low-temperature applications in such grades as SM490C.
Corrosion Resistance
Part of the expanded SM490W grade composition includes nickel and copper. They are aimed at improving corrosion resistance. This steel is, therefore, very suitable for outdoor and marine applications as it is resistant to rust and other effects of environmental wear.
Versatility
With the composition and strength features being the way they are, the SM490 steel finds use in a variety of applications. It can be used from constructing bridges and buildings to manufacturing ships and heavy machinery. This is because of its strength, workability, and durability.
SM490 steel has several structural applications. It has specific mechanical properties, chemical composition, and dimensions that fulfill the requirements of the several structural applications in which it is used. Key specifications include:
Mechanical Properties
This steel grade features varying mechanical attributes that provide it value with respect to multiple applications. The yield strength of SM490A typically ranges between 315 and 490 megapascals (MPa). However, the yield strength for the SM490C grade is quite elevated at approximately 470 MPa. The tensile strength of the general grade is from 490 to 610 MPa, while extensibility ranges from 17 to 21%, allowing the steel to stretch before breaking.
Chemical Composition
The composition of this steel is responsible for its mechanical properties. Usually, it contains 0.2% to 0.25% of carbon, which provides strength and hardness. Furthermore, the alloy is embedded with 0.4% silicon, which promotes weldability. Typically, it contains 0.5% manganese, which aids in fracture resistance. Besides, each grade contains trace amounts of phosphorus and sulfur to less than 0.05%. They act as deoxidizers during steel production.
Dimensions
The usual thickness range for SM490 steel is from 4 millimeters to 300 millimeters. Also, the standard widths and lengths are up to 2,000 millimeters and 12,000 millimeters, respectively. It can be rolled into sheets, plates, or beams, with dimensions conforming to JIS standards.
The relevant applications determine the choice of SM490 steel. Key factors to consider include:
Load-Bearing Requirements
Usually, the bearing capability of a steel grade is sharpened by its yield strength and tensile strength. This particular steel grade is ideal for heavy load applications due to its high yield strength, thus resisting deformation under excessive weight.
Welding and Forming Needs
Low-carbon steel has excellent welding properties. Minimally, due to its formability and non-warping during welding, it becomes appropriate for applications where complex shapes are a requirement. This makes it quite useful in construction, shipbuilding, and many other heavy machinery manufacturing applications where components need to be welded together seamlessly.
Toughness and Temperature Resistance
Generally, SM490C steel grade has a toughness that allows it to carry out construction activities in severe temperature conditions. If a project is to be undertaken in a cold environment, then this grade has to be utilized. This is because of its resistance to embrittlement at low temperatures. It makes it ideal for any outdoor and in-temperature-contraction environment construction.
Corrosion Standards
Whenever a project is to be executed in an outdoor or marine environment, the corrosion resistance of SM490W has to be taken into consideration. Standardly, this grade has added elements, which are nickel and copper, improving its resistance to rust and environmental deterioration. Hence, it makes a great option for any structure that is exposed to harsh weather elements.
Compliance with Standards
The selection of SM490 steel comes with particular benefits in complying with Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS). This makes it ideal for use in projects that require adherence to international regulatory frameworks on structural materials. Thus, it increases the feasibility of usage in multiple jurisdictions.
SM490 steel is used for structural applications in construction, shipbuilding, and heavy machinery due to its strength, versatility, and excellent workability. Key properties such as high yield strength make it suitable for load-bearing structures like bridges, buildings, and vessels.
The SM490W grade features enhanced corrosion resistance due to copper and nickel inclusion in its composition. It makes it suitable for outdoor and marine applications, extending the steel’s functional lifespan compared to other grades.
SM490A has a yield strength ranging from 315 to 490 MPa and tensile strength between 490 to 610 MPa. Its remarkable formability and weldability, plus these features, make it suitable for general structural applications.
Yes, the toughness of SM490C allows it to be used for construction activities in cold environments. Its ability to resist brittle fractures at low temperatures makes it ideal for outdoor structures exposed to extreme weather.
