Shielded computer case

Types of shielded computer cases

A shielded computer case protects cultivated plants from electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radiofrequency interference (RFI). These kinds of computer cases are made with a special material that helps keep the signals out or in. This material is called conductive or magnetically conductive materials. The cases are faraday cages – enclosures designed to block electromagnetic fields. The cases ensure that there are no outside signals interfering with the sensitive equipment. The cases also keep signals from leaking out so that the protected equipment is not vulnerable to outside hacking and tampering. There are different kinds of shielded computer enclosures available.

• Cylindrical shield: This kind of shield can be formed completely or partially around the item that needs to be protected. A shielded cylindrical case provides protection from electromagnetic noise that comes from all directions except the open side.
• Rectangular or square shield: In a rectangular or square design, shields usually cover the long sides of the enclosure. These kinds of enclosures are easier to handle and provide access through a removable top or end. A rectangular shield also makes it easy to attach additional devices to the ends of the enclosure, which maximizes the use of space on benches, racks, or inside cabinets.
• Split shields: Split shields have a more complicated design. They consist of more than one shielded part that fits together. These types of shields allow more movement and access to the equipment inside, but they may provide less protection from electromagnetic interference than other types of shields.

Function and features of shielded computer case

A computer case provides mechanical protection and support for the internal components of a computer. A shielded computer case is purposely built to protect the internal computer components from electromagnetic interference (EMI) and/or radio frequency interference (Rfi). It does so by utilizing materials with high electrical conductivity, typically steel or aluminum, to form what is known as a Faraday cage around the computer system. This cage reflects and absorbs any interference, preventing it from affecting the computer's operation and preventing any external interference from affecting the computer's operation.

MPA shielded cases can be open or closed; however, shielded enclosures are mostly closed. The covers or doors will have gaskets or conductive mesh to maintain the shielding effectiveness of the enclosure. The case will have filtered openings to allow for the entry of air while preventing any EMI/RFI from entering the case.

Some computer cases offer a USB connection that allows data to be transferred between the shielded case and the outside, while still maintaining the shielding effectiveness of the case. The computer cases have been designed with clean-out features to enable the interior of the case to be cleaned to prevent the build-up of dust, which can affect the cooling systems of the case. Cooling fans are also integrated into the design to allow for the cooling of the interior of the case.

Other features may include racks for the mounting of devices, which can be either horizontal or vertical, pre-drilled mounting holes for the easy installation of accessories, and hinge doors for easy access.

Usage scenario of the shielded computer case

Different industries and individuals use shielded computer cases for various purposes. These are some key applications:

• Military and Defense: This sector extensively uses shielded computer cases to accomplish computing tasks for electronic warfare, avionics, and military simulation. The robust housing protects stored data and information from EMP attacks, geo-magnetic storms, and physical impact.
• Healthcare and Medical Device: Doctors and medical personnel use shielded computer cases to carry out diagnostics, imaging, and robotic surgery applications. A computer case with electromagnetic shielding keeps medical signals and data, like ECG and MRI readings, safe. The shield blocks external interference that can distort sensitive data.
• Industrial and Aerospace: Industries and aerospace entities use shielded enclosures to protect computers in high-risk environments. The industrial computer case prevents electromagnetic interference in areas with strong radiation and electromagnetic fields. Computers used in aviation and space applications have to withstand extreme temperatures, high pressure, and vibration. A robust computer case shields the equipment from these harsh conditions.
• Research and Laboratories: The laboratory environment requires precise measurement for testing electronics, material, and particle. Shielded enclosures provide a noise-free environment (reduction in signal-to-noise ratio) for excellent measurement accuracy. Researchers in defense, robotics, and quantum technology use electromagnetic shielding to improve accuracy in their work.
• Communication and Broadcasting: Broadcast stations, telecommunication companies, and satellite operators use shielded computer cases to transmit signals for satellite ground stations and mobile electronics. They shield sensitive transmission equipment and ensure successful transmission of data without interference.
• Robotics and Automation: Industries that depend on automation and robotics use shielded cases to protect the control systems of robotic arms, drones, and autonomous vehicles from electromagnetic interference (EMI). The robust housing safeguards the control systems from signal degradation so that they can operate efficiently.
• Government and Security: Sensitive government agencies dealing with intelligence and counter-terrorism use electromagnetic shielding to protect mission-critical information, data, and command systems from electromagnetic pulses (EMP) and espionage.

How to Choose shielded computer case

Purchasers of shielded computer cases must choose cases that satisfy their needs. The following are some factors to consider when choosing a shielded computer case:

• EMI and Eletromagnetic Compatibility

  An EMI shielded PC case effectively reduces electromagnetic interference. This helps to keep the emitted maximum level of electromagnetic radiation under control. The case will have an emission level based on the grommet materials, geometry, and design. It will also have an influence on the PC performance. A shielded computer case will have a better attenuation of radiated emissions at higher frequencies.

• Radiated Emission & Radiated Susceptibility

  The emission of shielded enclosures at higher frequencies can be mitigated by using metallic or conductive gaskets. These gaskets also improve the enclosure's susceptibility to radiated electromagnetic fields.

• Applications

  An individual should know where the PC will be used before buying a computer case, as this will determine the specs of the shielded computer case. Enclosures for 5G, IoT, and Industrial applications, as well as aerospace, military, and RF applications, all have unique requirements and regulations that must be followed.

• Powder coated or painted enclosures

  If shielding is required, paint or powder coating will have reduced effectiveness. This is because it creates an insulating layer between the shield and the chassis. It is, therefore, important to know if the PC needs to be shielded or not before purchasing a case. If it does, then the case should be properly grounded for the coating to work effectively.

• Thermal Management

  The materials used to make the enclosure, the gaskets' grounding, and the RF shield COF all affect thermal management. Enclosures made of aluminum offer better thermal conductivity compared to stainless steel and carbon steel shields. This is why they are often used in the medical industry and commercial applications.

• Size

  Shielded computer cases come in various sizes including small form factors, mini tower cases, custom enclosures, ATX mid tower cases, and full tower cases. The size of the shielded computer case should be enough to accommodate all its components.

Q&A

Q1: How does a shielded computer case work?

A1: It works by creating a Faraday cage that blocks external electromagnetic signals using conductive and sometimes also magnetic materials.

Q2: What are the benefits of using a shielded computer case?

A2: These cases ensure that sensitive electronic equipment functions properly by preventing data loss and protecting against corporate espionage and protecting computers and electronics from EMI and RFI.

Q3: What are the types of shielded computer cases?

A3: The various types include perforated top and front, slot vented, and solid shielded enclosures.

Q4: What should you consider when choosing a shielded enclosure?

A4: Make sure to consider the level of shielding effectiveness required, ventilation, and access needs, as well as the design and layout.

Q5: Are there industry standards for shielded enclosures?

A5: Yes, several standards, such as MIL-STD-461 and IEEE 299, provide guidelines and testing methods for evaluating the shielding effectiveness of enclosures.